Keeping your bees healthy and productive requires providing them with consistent access to food, especially during times of nectar dearth or when establishing a new colony. A top feeder is a popular choice for supplementary feeding, offering several advantages over other methods. This guide will explore the benefits of top feeders, address common questions, and help you choose the best option for your beekeeping needs.
What is a Top Bee Hive Feeder?
A top feeder, as its name suggests, is a device placed on top of the beehive frames, usually under the inner cover. This design allows bees easy access to the feed without requiring them to venture outside the hive, minimizing risks associated with robbing and exposure to the elements. These feeders typically utilize a variety of methods to dispense the sugar syrup, ranging from simple floaters to intricate designs with multiple feeding points.
What are the Advantages of Using a Top Feeder?
- Easy Access for Bees: Top feeders are designed for convenient access, reducing stress on the bees and minimizing the risk of drowning. They don't require the beekeeper to open the hive for feeding.
- Reduced Risk of Robbing: Because the feed is contained within the hive, the chances of attracting unwanted attention from other bees or pests are significantly lower than with external feeders.
- Less Mess: Compared to other feeding methods, top feeders generally result in less spillage and cleanup. This minimizes the risk of attracting ants and other unwanted guests.
- Easy to Monitor: Many top feeders allow beekeepers to easily monitor syrup levels without disrupting the hive, providing valuable insights into consumption rates.
- Suitable for Different Hive Types: While specific designs may vary, top feeders are adaptable to various beehive types and sizes.
What are the Different Types of Top Bee Hive Feeders?
Several types of top feeders are available, each with its own advantages and disadvantages:
- Entrance Feeders: These are not technically top feeders, but are mentioned here for comparison. Entrance feeders are attached to the hive entrance and have a relatively high risk of robbing.
- Frame Feeders: These feeders resemble a shallow frame and are placed within the hive body amongst the other frames.
- Boardman Feeders: These feeders are placed directly on top of the frames and consist of a shallow tray with a series of floats to prevent the bees from drowning.
- Division Board Feeders: These feeders utilize a division board to separate the feeding area from the brood nest, preventing the syrup from contaminating the brood.
How to Use a Top Feeder?
The specific instructions for using a top feeder will vary depending on the model. However, the general process is as follows:
- Prepare the Syrup: Mix sugar and water in the correct ratio (typically 2:1 sugar to water). Heat gently to dissolve the sugar completely. Allow to cool before use.
- Fill the Feeder: Carefully fill the feeder with the prepared syrup, ensuring it doesn't overflow.
- Place the Feeder: Position the feeder on top of the frames, ensuring it is secure and level under the inner cover.
- Monitor the Feeder: Regularly check the syrup levels and refill as needed.
What is the Best Top Feeder for Beekeeping?
The "best" top feeder depends on your specific needs and preferences. Consider factors like hive size, bee population, and personal convenience when making your choice. Some beekeepers prefer simpler designs, while others appreciate the features of more complex models. Reading reviews from other beekeepers can provide valuable insights.
What Should I Do if My Bees Aren't Using the Top Feeder?
If your bees aren't using the top feeder, there could be several reasons:
- The syrup is too thick or thin: Adjust the sugar-to-water ratio as needed.
- The feeder is not accessible: Ensure the bees can easily reach the syrup.
- The hive is overcrowded: Consider adding additional space to alleviate overcrowding.
- Other food sources are readily available: Check for natural foraging opportunities.
How Often Should I Check and Refill My Top Feeder?
The frequency of checking and refilling your top feeder will depend on several factors, including the size of your colony, the weather conditions, and the nectar flow in your area. During times of heavy nectar flow, your bees may consume less supplemental feed. However, it's generally recommended to check your feeder at least once a week.
By carefully considering the factors discussed here and choosing the right top feeder for your beekeeping operation, you'll be well on your way to ensuring your colony has access to the nutrition it needs to thrive. Remember to always practice safe beekeeping techniques and to consult with experienced beekeepers for further guidance.
